Insufficient intake of energy and nutrients to satisfy an individual’s demands for optimal health is referred to as undernutrition. In most publications, undernutrition and malnutrition are used interchangeably. Malnutrition encompasses both undernutrition and overnutrition in the strictest sense. To combat this, terminology like protein energy malnutrition, particular micronutrient deficiencies, and descriptive labels like kwashiorkor and marasmus have been employed. However, because protein energy malnutrition cannot exist in isolation from particular micronutrient deficiencies, neutral terminology like undernutrition is used because it covers both protein energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. When there is a surplus of macronutrients and micronutrients, the term “overnutrition” is employed.